Showing metabocard for L-Threonine (MMDBc0000053)

Record Information
Version1.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2020-10-27 23:28:40 UTC
Update Date2022-08-30 23:23:38 UTC
MiMeDB IDMMDBc0000053
Metabolite Identification
Common NameL-Threonine
DescriptionThreonine is an essential amino acid in humans. It is abundant in human plasma, particularly in newborns. Severe deficiency of threonine causes neurological dysfunction and lameness in experimental animals. Threonine is an immunostimulant which promotes the growth of thymus gland. It also can probably promote cell immune defense function. This amino acid has been useful in the treatment of genetic spasticity disorders and multiple sclerosis at a dose of 1 gram daily. It is highly concentrated in meat products, cottage cheese and wheat germ. (http://www.dcnutrition.com/AminoAcids/) The threonine content of most of the infant formulas currently on the market is approximately 20% higher than the threonine concentration in human milk. Due to this high threonine content the plasma threonine concentrations are up to twice as high in premature infants fed these formulas than in infants fed human milk. The whey proteins which are used for infant formulas are sweet whey proteins. Sweet whey results from cheese production. Threonine catabolism in mammals appears to be due primarily (70-80%) to the activity of threonine dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.103) that oxidizes threonine to 2-amino-3-oxobutyrate, which forms glycine and acetyl CoA, whereas threonine dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.16) that catabolizes threonine into 2-oxobutyrate and ammonia, is significantly less active. Increasing the threonine plasma concentrations leads to accumulation of threonine and glycine in the brain. Such accumulation affects the neurotransmitter balance which may have consequences for the brain development during early postnatal life. Thus, excessive threonine intake during infant feeding should be avoided. (PMID 9853925 ).
Structure
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI

MOL for #<Metabolite:0x0000564abe35a0c0>

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3D MOL for #<Metabolite:0x0000564abe35a0c0>
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3D SDF for #<Metabolite:0x0000564abe35a0c0>
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3D-SDF for #<Metabolite:0x0000564abe35a0c0>
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PDB for #<Metabolite:0x0000564abe35a0c0>
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3D PDB for #<Metabolite:0x0000564abe35a0c0>
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SMILES for #<Metabolite:0x0000564abe35a0c0>
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INCHI for #<Metabolite:0x0000564abe35a0c0>
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SynonymsNot Available
Chemical FormulaC4H9NO3
Average Molecular Weight119.1192
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight119.058243159
IUPAC NameNot Available
Traditional NameNot Available
CAS Registry Number72-19-5
SMILESNot Available
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C4H9NO3/c1-2(6)3(5)4(7)8/h2-3,6H,5H2,1H3,(H,7,8)/t2-,3+/m1/s1
InChI KeyAYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N