Search Results for metabolites

Matched description: … Unfortunately, tryptophan starvation is often not effective against viruses or even all infectious microbes ... Specifically, kynurenine is synthesized by the enzyme tryptophan dioxygenase, which is made primarily but not ... or KT ratio) can lead to or even be symptomatic of chronic viral or pathogenic infections or, at worse …

Matched description: … (ppGpp) are specifically degraded by a manganese-dependent pyrophosphorylase present in spoT+ but not ... These are purine ribobucleotides with one phosphate group attached to 3' and 5' hydroxyl groups of the ... The hallmark of the stringent response is the accumulation of guanosine tetra- (ppGpp) and pentaphosphates …

Matched description: … Phenylacetic acid may arise from exposure to styrene (plastic) or through the consumption of fruits and ... GC-MS studies have not found this compound (PMID: 7492634) while NMR studies claimed to have identified ... Phenylacetylglycine or PAG is a glycine conjugate of phenylacetic acid. …

Matched description: … They may puncture the cell wall, delay maturation, disrupt metabolism, or prevent the reproduction of ... phytoalexins are often targeted to specific predators; a plant that has anti-insect phytoalexins may not ... Phytoalexins tend to fall into several classes including terpenoids, glycosteroids, and alkaloids; however …

Matched description: … foods, such as oriental wheat, devilfish, pepper (spice), redcurrants, and star fruits. ... Outside of the human body, mevalonic acid-5P has been detected, but not quantified in, several different …

Matched description: … Tryptamine has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as onion-family vegetables ... , acerola, Japanese walnuts, custard apples, and green zucchinis. ... After absorption through the intestinal epithelium, tryptophan catabolites enter the bloodstream and …

Matched description: … on average, in the highest concentration within milk (cow). 2-Pentanone has also been detected, but not ... , and fruits. ... 2-Pentanone, also known as ethyl acetone or fema 2842, belongs to the class of organic compounds known …

Matched description: … (The term ketoglutaric acid, when not further qualified, almost always refers to the alpha variant. ... , Biosynthesis of terpenoids and steroids, and the Citrate cycle (TCA cycle). ... Alpha-ketoglutarate is a member of the chemical class known as Gamma Keto-Acids and Derivatives. …

Matched description: … It can be formed endogenously during lipid peroxidation or after oxidative stress, and is considered ... conjugated to a C=C triple bond at the alpha,beta position. 3-methyl-2-butenal has been detected, but not ... 3-Methyl-2-butenal, also known as senecialdehyde or 3,3-dimethylacrolein, belongs to the class of organic …

Matched description: … However, not all individuals consuming daidzein produce equol. ... Equol is a metabolite of daidzein, a phytoestrogen common in the human diet and abundant in soy. ... Intestinal bacteria in humans can reduce daidzein to equol, and can be found in normal human urine. …

Matched description: … does not completely normalize galactose-1-phosphate (gal-1-P) in erythrocytes from patients with galactosemia ... (e.g. green beans, soybeans and other beans) and plants. ... Stachyose is a tetrasaccharide consisting of two D-galactose units, one D-glucose unit, and one D-fructose …

Matched description: … Outside of the human body, 4alpha-methylzymosterol has been detected, but not quantified in, several ... Cholesterols and derivatives are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. ... 4alpha-Methylzymosterol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cholesterols and derivatives …

Matched description: … Methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate, also known as methyl salicylate, 2-(methoxycarbonyl)phenol or 2-carbomethoxyphenol ... Methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such ... For acute joint and muscular pain, Methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate is used as a rubefacient and analgesic in …

Matched description: … Syringic acid, also known as syringate or cedar acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known ... Syringic acid has also been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as sweet marjorams ... olives and in a lower concentration in apples, tarragons, and peanuts. …

Matched description: … Protocatechuic acid has also been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as cloud ... Protocatechuic acid, also known as protocatechuate or 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate, belongs to the class of ... Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives are compounds containing a hydroxybenzoic acid (or a derivative), which …

Matched description: … It may be found both in the aglycol form, naringenin, or in its glycosidic form, naringin, which has ... Naringenin (not to be confused with naringin) is a flavanone that is considered to have a bioactive effect ... It is the predominant flavanone in grapefruit, and is found in a variety of fruits and herbs. …

Matched description: … Iso-Valeraldehyde, also known as isoamyl aldehyde or 3-methyl-butanal, belongs to the class of organic ... Iso-Valeraldehyde has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as muskmelons ... taco and in a lower concentration in kohlrabis, corns, and tortilla. …

Matched description: … In humans, sphingomyelin is the only membrane phospholipid not derived from glycerol. ... Sphingomyelin (d18:0/26:1(17Z)) or SM(d18:0/26:1(17Z)) is a type of sphingolipid found in animal cell ... In addition it contains one polar head group, which is either phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine. …

Matched description: … Outside of the human body, dCMP has been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such ... acid and conjugate base forms, respectively, is a deoxynucleotide, and one of the four monomers that ... Deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP), also known as deoxycytidylic acid or deoxycytidylate in its conjugate …

Matched description: … Therefore, the serum creatinine test is not ideal for detecting early kidney disease. ... The mechanism by which creatinine kills bacteria is not presently known although it may serve to prevent ... sepsis, serious kidney infections or certain viral infections (COVID-19).  …

Matched description: … These are monoterpenes that do not contain a cycle. ... The E-isomer or trans-isomer is known as citral or citral A. ... The Z-isomer or cis-isomer is known as neral or citral B. 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal is a very hydrophobic …

Matched description: … Most prospective cohort studies have not found coffee consumption to be associated with significantly ... Chlorogenic acid is an ester of caffeic acid and quinic acid. ... liver disease (cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma). …

Matched description: … Chemically, mannitol is an alcohol and a sugar, or a polyol; it is similar to xylitol or sorbitol. ... Mannitol or hexan-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol (C6H8(OH)6) is an osmotic diuretic agent and a weak renal vasodilator ... For this, it is not uncommon to add a substance to adjust its pH, such as sodium bicarbonate. …

Matched description: … Orotidine itself is not a component of nucleic acid. ... Orotidine is found in bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. ... Michael Michelson, William Drell, and Herschel K. Mitchell (PMID: 14853953). …

Matched description: … Ethyl formate has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as citrus, pineapples ... Ethyl formate, also known as areginal or ethyl methanoate, belongs to the class of organic compounds ... carboxylic acid derivatives in which the carbon atom from the carbonyl group is attached to an alkyl or …